Getting over a Betrayal free essay sample

This tune delivers a sentiment of that despite the fact that lost a friend or family member is a tragic encounter there is nothing an individual can do to change the result of what has occurred. My Immortal† is by all accounts progressively about losing ones own feeling of personality and self-esteem because of the misfortune as well as treachery of a friend or family member than about the real loss of the adored one: These injuries won’t appear to recuperate/This agony is simply excessively genuine/There’s just an excess of that time can't delete (7-9) By the finish of the tune, the overcomer of the story is sincerely depleted and deadened with the dread by the memory of the traitor. The overcomer of the occurrence simply needs those recollections of hurt and disloyalty to leave. This agony is felt in the initial verses of the tune. What's more, on the off chance that you need to leave/I wish that you would simply leave/Your quality despite everything waits here/And it won’t disregard me (3-6). We will compose a custom article test on Getting over a Betrayal or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The topic of â€Å"My Immortal† is the battle of attempting to dispose of the sentiment of treachery and of blame. The double-crosser has harmed or sold out her such that she can never recuperate from the passionate harm. You used to enrapture me/By your resounding light/Now I’m limited by the existence you abandoned (14-16) For the remainder of the girls’ life, she will be detained by him. She yielded everything for him. Following quite a while of being together, he tosses all that she has accomplished for him back in her face. She realize feels like that she will never be liberated from him Your face it frequents/My once charming dreams (15, 16) The impact of this melody delivers a wide range of feelings. This tune uncovers that on the off chance that one lets a past selling out or misfortunes rule their life, there will never be any harmony for the person. The individual needs to relinquish the hurt, despite the fact that they are feeling that they were separated from everyone else the whole time they were with that one individual. I’ve made a decent attempt to disclose to myself that you’re gone/But however you’re still with me/I’ve been separated from everyone else from the start ( 24-26) It harms being deceived by a friend or family member. The truth that she was in solitude in her affection when he was with her and unexpectedly, since hes left her, she isnt alone: He torments her with the recollections of his selling out (maybe entangled by her certified love for who she thought he was. ) These injuries won’t appear to mend/This torment is simply to genuine/There’s just an excessive amount of that time can't earse (21-23) Works Cited Evanescence.

Financial Analysis of Nokia Free Essays

Presentation of Nokia Nokia, one of the main brands in cell phones, was begun by a mining engineer, Fredrik Idestam, in 1865 by making paper from wood mash plant; a subsequent paper factory was based on Nokianvirta waterway that brought forth the current name of this organization Nokia. The organization at that point began distinctive business and mergers and afterward at last began mobiles business in 1968. Its administrative center is in Espoo, Finland and right now has very nearly 132,000 workers around the world. We will compose a custom article test on Money related Analysis of Nokia or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Its principle items (cell phones, cell phones, versatile PCs, Networks) and administrations (Maps Navigation, media programming arrangements, music, informing) are in the field of Telecommunication, Internet PC programming. Nokia is offering its items to just about 150 nations all inclusive with yearly income of more than 42 billion euro with 2 billion working benefits and worldwide piece of the pie of almost 35% in 2010. (nokia.com) Nokia did numerous developments and has credit to be the world’s No 1. in huge numbers of its items and administrations for example world’s first convenient NMT vehicle phone (Nordic Mobile Telephone-NMT) worked by Nokia, GSM call, Nokia Tunes, satellite call, welcomes Internet on portable. It presents First 3g Phone, advanced hand compact telephones supporting information, fax and the Short Message Service, incorporated remote payphone, double mode AMPS/TDMA telephone, fast information terminal for remote systems, WAP handset, presented the business first interactive media informing arrangement, first 3GPP agreeable WCDMA/GSM double mode telephone, first TDMA handsets with full-shading shows, portable handset with a 4GB hard plate which can put away to 3000 tracks, Nokia N95 was the world’s first gadget joining GPS and remote broadband (HSDPA/WLAN). From January 2010, top of the line vehicle and person on foot route is accessible for nothing on Nokia cell phones . (Zacks investigate, 2011) One can envision its prosperity and prominence from the way that till 2005, 2 billion mobiles were sold worldwide and Nokia alone sold its billionth telephone in that year. As indicated by Nokia Corporation, ‘Nokia’s story proceeds with 3G, portable multiplayer gaming, sight and sound gadgets and a look to the future†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (nokia.com) and â€Å"Nokia’s crucial straightforward; Connecting People. Our vital purpose is to fabricate incredible versatile items. Our main responsibility is to empower billions of individuals wherever to get a greater amount of life’s openings through mobile.† (nokia.com) As of now, with the creation of many keen android telephones, Nokia is confronting solid rivalry in mobiles advertise as its marketing projections are moving descending. In any case, they are presently making changes in their structure and activities that is delineated by their announcement, â€Å"Nokia has as of late laid out its new vital heading, remembering changes for initiative and operational structure to quicken the company’s speed of execution in a unique serious environment.† (nokia.com) Basic Discussion of Recent Past Performance †Financial Ratio Analysis Money related investigation helps in setting up a connection between different budgetary statements’ components which would then be able to be contrasted and other data about the business. This likewise decides the future possibilities of the organization and the region that needs improvement. The essential reason for existing is to examine the current monetary position execution of the organization as per which a judgment can be made with respect to future execution of the business. (Dyson. J.R, 2007) Money related investigation from the perspective of a financial specialist is generally worried about the gainfulness of the organization and furthermore the profits what the organization pay to their investors as profits as well as right offers and increment in the stock worth. (CIMA, 2000) One needs to look cautiously to the yearly records of the organization and the yearly development pattern as far as incomes, benefit and its piece of the pie. For the examination reason, merged records of Nokia for example Salary Statement, Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Statement throughout the previous four years from 2007 to 2010 is considered and theories figures acquired from the company’s site are given beneath: United Income Statement of Nokia for the Year Ended (EURm) 2007 2008 2009 2010 Net Sales/Revenues51,058 50,710 40,984 42,446 Cost of Sales33,781 33,337 27,720 29,629 Net Profit 17,277 17,373 13,264 12,817 Res Dev5,6365,9685,909 5,288 Sell Ad Exp 5,5445,6645,0784,529 Other Inc2,312 420338 507 Other Exp424 1,195 51056 Operation Profit7,9854,9661,1972,070 Benefit Bef Tax 8,2684,970 962 1,786 Tax1,5221,081 702 443 Net Profit 6,7463,889 260 1,343 (nokia.com) From this pay proclamation, it is seen that Sales are having a diminishing pattern from 2007 to 2009 yet shows a somewhat increment in 2010 and cost of deals, working benefit, income per share and the net benefit has additionally similar patterns. It implies that productivity of Nokia was vastly improved in 2007 that is 6.7 billion euro when contrasted with 260 million euro in 2009, however it again gives indications of progress in 2010 and net benefit become 1.3 billion euro. Solidified Balance Sheet of Nokia for the Year Ended (EURm) 2007 2008 2009 2010 Resources Money Eqv 11,992 7,8549,20212,653 A/Rec 11,356 9,5457,9957,609 Stock 2,8762,5331,8652,523 Other C/A 3,0704,4444,5514,360 Tot C/A 29,294 24,470 23,613 27,145 Plant PE 1,7581,9851,8221,856 Goodwill1,3846,2575,1715,723 Tot Assets 37,599 39,582 35,738 39,123 Liabilities A/Pay 7,0745,2254,9506,101 Tot C/L 18,976 20,355 15,188 17,540 Oth/L 1,2852,7175,8015,352 Tot/Liab 20,261 23,072 20,989 22,892 Value 17,338 16,510 14,749 16,231 Tot Lib Eq 37,599 39,582 35,738 39,123 (nokia.com) The monetary record gives a plan to financial specialist that how much business is contributed by the shareholder’s value and how much obligation is owed. (Dyson. J.R, 2007) It is delineated from these accounting reports of Nokia that roughly 45% business is financed by the value in 2007 however for the following three years this figure is decreased to around 41%. This shows organization owes more in 2010 when contrasted with 2007 and its money related position was vastly improved in 2007 contrasted and 2010. Combined Cash Flow Statements of Nokia for the Year Ended (EURm) 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total compensation 6,7463,889 260 1,343 Devaluation 1,2061,6171,7841,771 Money from Op Act7,8823,1973,2474,774 Money from Invest - 710-2,905 - 2,148 - 2,421 Money from Finance-3,832 - 1,545 - 696 - 911 Net Change in Cash 3,325-1,302378 1,666 (nokia.com) The examination of Cash stream explanation gives genuine data about benefit of an organization as it depends on genuine money exchanges. Pay explanation can at some point misdirect due to deficient incomes figures appearing on the announcement. Financial specialists are generally inspired by income proclamations before settling on choice to have an away from of the company’s money exchanges. The company’s with a lot of money accessibility for the most part have less issues for extensions or ventures for development, taking care of obligations or to repurchase their own stocks. This income articulation shows that Nokia has great situation as respect to the income during the year 2007, however it comes to negative figure in 2008 due to misfortunes from ventures and funds, yet it recuperates again in 2009 and gains great ground in 2010. It by and large shows that in spite of the fact that Nokia made some hard memories in 2008 yet it got again in the resulting years. Monetary Ratios Some monetary proportions are determined as respect to benefit, resource turnover, present moment and long haul liquidity proportions dependent on the figures delineated in the Income Statement and accounting reports given above for a long time from 2007 to 2010. These proportions and their clarifications are given as under: Productivity Ratios: Net Profit Margin 33.84%34.26%32.36%30.20% Operation Profit Margin 16.19%9.80% 2.34% 4.21% Net Profit Margin 13.24%7.63% 0.63% 3.21% Productivity proportions contrast segments of pay and deals and give a thought of what makes a business’s pay and is communicated as a part of every deal unit for example euro in the event of Nokia. These overall revenue proportions are diverse just as far as numerators and reflect and assess execution of various parts of the organization. These all productivity proportions disclose the Nokia’s capacity to create the income and inclusion of its costs and different expenses for a similar period (Dyson. J.R, 2007) For Nokia, we see that Gross overall revenue (Gross Profit/Sales) remains practically equivalent (30.2% to 34.2%) for the four years in perception, yet the working benefit and net revenue shows an extraordinary vacillations ( 2.3% to 16.1% if there should be an occurrence of operation benefit and 0.6% to 13.2% for net benefit). This implies Nokia has additionally working costs for example selling, promoting, RD and organization costs. Also, on the off chance that we see vertically, in year 2007, the distinction between Gross benefit and net benefit is less (33.84%-13.24%= 20.6%) when contrasted with ensuing years for example in year 2009, the thing that matters is 32.63%-0.63%= 31.73; this shows in this year there is all the more working costs. In any case, this circumstance improves a little in 2010 and net benefit turns out to be again 3.21%. Bring Ratios back: Profit for Assets17.94%9.82% 1.00% 3.90% Profit for Capital 54.8% 27.2% 6.7% 7.02% Profit for Equity 53.9% 27.5% 6.5% 8.67% Return proportions are likewise significant productivity proportions. These measures the proficiency with which a business utilized its advantages, capital and value revenue driven age for example measure of benefit comparable to venture of complete resources. For Nokia, these proportions show that advantages are utilized all the more proficiently in the year 2007 and afterward it has a diminishing pattern till 2009 and shows a superior situation for 2010 when contrasted with 2009. Action Ratios: Tot Asset TO 1.4x 1.3ãâ€"1.1ãâ€"1.1x Fix Asst TO 29.0ãâ€"25.5x

How Time Tracking Software Can Benefit Your Business

How Time Tracking Software Can Benefit Your Business Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!How Time Tracking Software Can Benefit Your BusinessUpdated On 10/09/2019Author : Ram kumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : https://hbb.me/2HYfSjs CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogVirtually every type of business can benefit significantly from using time tracking software regardless of size and industry. This type of software is undeniably worth the small costs involved as timesheet errors are no longer a significant factor. Not only is the extremely innovative software quite simple to use, but the benefits associated with your business will surely prove crucial for the growth of your business. If you are undecided on whether or not you should make the switch for your business, here are just some of the many benefits that time tracking software will be able to provide your business.Increase Employee ProductivityOne of the most significant benefits of this software is increa sed employee productivity as the software will ensure projects and task monitoring happens in real-time. While your staff is often able to manage their schedules better, management is able to make use of the time tracking software to monitor each employee. Your team will be far more focused and you will be able to have a better visual of how your business is functioning. With innovative features and functions, these apps are often available to use on mobile smartphones which greatly enhances your convenience.Reduced ExpensesBusiness owners are always on the hunt for effective methods of drastically cutting company costs to increase profits, which is another top-rated reason this software has become increasingly popular. The software will enable you to gain a clear insight into the workings of your company which will, in turn, help you better locate issues that need to be addressed. As small problems would otherwise go unnoticed, time tracking software will effectively encourage busi nesses to reduce costs where possible. The significant reduction in administrative costs will prove g hugely beneficial for any size business in any industry.READWhy Your Business Needs a Better Way to PrototypeLess Unplanned AbsenceYour employees will be able to view their time off, which means that they will likely find it easier to plan their personal schedules accordingly. Once you have invested in the software, you will most probably notice a significant decline in unplanned employee absence which will have a positive impact on employee productivity at the same time.Simplify PayrollCalculating hours worked for each employee correctly can be daunting for any payroll department. With this innovative software, this task will no longer be a hassle. Your employees will always receive accurate pay. The reduction in payroll errors will not just benefit your business as your employees will greatly appreciate the accuracy and timely manner of payments.Report FeatureWhen selecting a time tracking software, it is crucial to opt for one that offers a report feature that will enable you to quickly generate in-depth reports which can be used to advance the functions of your workforce. These reports can be used to gain insight into your teams productivity, hours worked, each company expense, invoicing, and much more. The mere fact that technology will handle various aspects of managing your business and your employees, you will be able to direct your focus back into growing your business.

Choose, Chose, and Chosen How to Choose the Right Word

Choose is an irregular verb, with chose as the past form and chosen as the past participle form. The terms are like other irregular verbs that follow a similar pattern, such as break, broke, broken;  steal, stole, stolen; freeze, froze, frozen;  and  speak, spoke, spoken. Understanding when to use choose, chose, and chosen requires knowing how the terms work grammatically. How to Use Choose, Chose, and Chosen The verb choose (which rhymes with news) means to select or decide on something from two or more possibilities. (Dont confuse the  noun  choice  with the  verb  choose.) The simple past form of choose is chose (which rhymes with nose).   The past participle form of choose is chosen (which rhymes with frozen). A helping verb (such as has, have, or had) usually comes before the past participle form chosen. The present participle form of choose is choosing (which rhymes with losing). Examples Seeing how the different forms of the verb are used in context in common language can help clarify when and how to use each. You can use choose, the present tense of the verb, to mean select, as in: You can choose any course in life that your heart desires.Please hurry up and just choose one candy apple. Or you can use the past tense of the verb, chose, again to indicate that someone selected something, for example: She took some time, but she chose a beautiful dress for the church service. Or use the past participle, chosen, such as: She has chosen a simple path in life; she never wanted to stand out or ask for too much. Note how the past participle requires the use of the helping, or auxiliary, verb has preceding it. An auxiliary verb is a verb that determines the  mood,  tense,  voice,  or  aspect  of another verb (in this case chosen) or a verb phrase. You can also use the three words in the same sentence, as in: Last week I chose  all my classes for next semester, but I havent yet chosen a major as its so hard to choose. How to Remember the Difference Tell yourself that choose has chosen to add an o. This mnemonic device also reminds you that chosen, as the past participle, must be preceded by an auxiliary verb. You can extend this device by noting, I choose blue for the present tense, but I chose a rose in the past. Practice Try this brief practice exercise to test your knowledge of choose, chose, and chosen. The greatest weapon against stress is our ability to _____ one thought over another. (Attributed to William James)Youll be introduced to the stylist  and shown racks and racks of clothes. Shes been given your sizes ahead of time and has ____ to ignore them.  (Tina Fey, Bossypants)Last year, she _____ to ignore me, but now I have _____ to ignore her. Answers The greatest weapon against stress is our ability to  choose  one thought over another.Youll be introduced to the stylist  and shown racks and racks of clothes. Shes been given your sizes ahead of time and has  chosen  to ignore them.Last year, she  chose  to ignore me, but now I have  chosen  to ignore her. Sources Choose. Mnemonic Devices Memory Tools.â€Å"Choose vs. Chose: Whats the Difference?†Ã‚  Writing Explained, 27 Sept. 2016.â€Å"Guide to the Scriptures: Choose, Chose, Chosen (verb).†Ã‚  Doctrine and Covenants 8, lds.org.

The 7 Habits Of Highly Effective People by Stephen R....

Stephen R. Covey, the author of â€Å"The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People,† is empowering readers with problem solving tools needed to overcome the routine to the extreme situations of personal and workplace environments. Covey explains simply that you don’t have to be a genius to apply these principles of 7 habits, but you will have to possess balanced dimensions of nature: physical, spiritual, mental, and social/emotional. The ideas explained by Covey start by using the principles of natural laws and using these laws such as fairness, integrity, and honesty to increase your â€Å"circle of influence† which builds off of your proactive energy. This energy depends mainly upon your physical dimension; therefore, if you are having trouble with†¦show more content†¦The author’s idea of thinking win/win moves your development to thinking of others as well as yourself. This school of thought requires a good social/emotional dimension to recognize the needs of others as well as your own. When you have a concrete win/win or no deal mentality all will benefit or there will be no activity. By having a win/win situation you leave the door of relations to be opened on a later day, and you will decrease the chance of a withdrawal by yourself or others. By first seeking to understand a situation, you will be better prepared for the actions you should take. This understanding will need a good social/emotional dimension. If you try and resolve something before fully diagnosing the situation, you may fix a problem that is not in need of fixing. In order to understand a problem you must be attentive to every detail, and you must be sure to not snap to a quick fix. Understanding that all people are different, and using these differences to build strengths and compensate for weaknesses is the essence of synergy. Everyone has strong points as well as weak points. Combining the differences of several individual’s traits can be used to create one individual objective. Figuring out where to put each strength or weakness will require a good social/emotional dimension. By using others’ various strong points you will be able to out-weighShow MoreRelatedThe 7 Habits Of Highly Effective People By Stephen R Covey772 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People†, Stephen R Covey writes about the seven habits that can change your life forever. As the title suggest, he does this by providing the reader with easy to remember statement that when explained, have a very deep meaning behind them. The Habit that this paper is going to focus on is habit 2. The paper will analyses this habit by explaining what it means, ex amples of people who lived with this mindset, what the authors personal experience is. In Stephen R CoveyRead More The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, by Stephen R. Covey612 Words   |  3 Pages In the self-improvement book, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, author Stephen R. Covey presents an integrated and principle-centered approach for solving personal and professional issues and problems. Covey uses real life examples as well as his own experience to reveal a step-by-step way for living with integrity, honesty, and self-respect. In the book he explains principles that give someone the comfort to adapt to change and the wisdom to take control and full advantage of the opportunitiesRead More7 Habits Of Highly Effective People By Stephen R. Covey1419 Words   |  6 PagesIn the book, â€Å"7 Habits of Highly Effective People† by Stephen R. Covey he explains how the world is entirely based on our own perception. In order to change a situation, we must change ourselves, and in order to change ourselves we have to change our perception. These days , individuals look for quick solutions. They see successful people, companies, and organizations that have achieved success and wonder how they can get a hold of their techniques. The problem is these shortcuts that we all lookRead MoreAnalysis of Stephan R. Covey ´s The 8th Habit: From Effectiveness to Greatness1084 Words   |  5 PagesStephen R. Covey first wrote the self-help book entitled, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, this book has since opened the eyes and hearts to millions of people throughout the world. After discovering the success that so many individuals encountered and still encountering, Dr. Covey decided to write the sequel entitled, The 8th Habit: From Effectiveness to Greatness. This habit is explained as, â€Å"Finding your voice, your calling, your soul’s code and inspire others to do the same.† What doesRead More7 Habits by Stephen R. Covey1003 Words   |  5 PagesStephen R. Covey book is titled â€Å"The 7 habits of highly effect ive people† helps to develop individuals’ personality in relation with others. The author takes us on the journey thru becoming proactive. Than we learn to realize where are we going with our life. The next step is to set priorities in our life. What things are important and what things can wait. We also learn how to achieve compromise that is satisfactory to all parties involved in daily activities. The author teaches us how to practiceRead MoreIn One’S Life Everyone Wants To Become A Leader In At Least1543 Words   |  7 PagesDowning and The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People by Stephen Covey they continue to stress using effective communication and learning so you can become a leader in your home, workplace, and community. They have many ideas on how to help you with concept, but there are four specific ideas that I believe effect this leadership concept the most. I do believe that the most effective way to help become a leader in On Course by Skip Downin g and The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People is self esteemRead MoreThe 7 Habits Of Highly Effective People1239 Words   |  5 PagesAfter reading both Stephen R. Covey’s book â€Å"The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People† and John C Maxwell’s book â€Å"The 21 Indispensable Qualities of a Leader† I can say both of them presented very effective reading tools that shows you ways to improve your overall daily life. The way Stephen Covey accomplished this was by proving us, which is in the title itself, the seven habits which are based on principles. After you learn and develop these principles, they bring long term benefits just like JohnRead MoreThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, authored by Steven Covey Book report in APA format1160 Words   |  5 PagesThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Stephen Covey authored the book, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, to offer his expert, professional, and personal insight of seven habits, or traits, exhibited by effective people. While outlining the seven habits, he emphasizes that each previous habit is the building block for the next. He also shows how all the habits are tied together to effectively transition through the growth stages of dependence to independence to interdependence to becomeRead MoreJournal Entries for habit1732 Words   |  7 PagesJournal Entries for habit one and two Habit 1: Be Proactive According to Stephen Covey, being proactive is part of human nature and humans are responsible for their own lives. He indicated the details of a social map which consist of Genetic determinism (Ancestors), Psychic determinism (Parents) and Environment determinism (Boss or something in the environment). The proactive concept was explained further using the Stimulus and Response relationship and the catalyst story of Viltor Frankl. BetweenRead MoreThe 7 Habits Of Highly Effective People Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesThe 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Summary The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People is a best selling book by Stephen R. Covey. The book has become a management tool for many companies. Covey wrote the book after reviewing literature on success from the last two centuries. Covey discovered that as he reviewed the literature on success, that the most current literature was based mainly on success based on having the â€Å"right† personality traits. Covey calls this the â€Å"Personality Ethic†. The

Christmas Concert Review - 544 Words

General reaction: The concert I attended was SPX Magic of Christmas, performed by the Charlotte Symphony orchestra and conducted by Albert-George Schram. This was the first professional orchestra concert I have attended, and the first since I was a student at UNC Greensboro. As I walked the streets of downtown Charlotte, with the wind peppering my face and small beads of rain being tossed through the air, I felt a sensation that Christmas was closer than two weeks away. I felt like Christmas was inside the symphony hall, and I made my way up the steps of the Blumenthal Performing Arts Center into the Belk Theater, I was greeted by the warm sounds of brass, wind, and percussion. I was astounded by the sounds and the visual aspects of the performance. Caroline Calouche and Company performed on aerial silks and trapeze, and it really enhanced the performance, giving it a broader appeal. Composition I liked best: The piece I enjoyed the most was Highland Cathedral by Ulrich Roever Michael Korb (spelled Korts in the program), arrangement by Kuzma and Mills. The melody was composed in 1982 for a Highland games held in Germany. It was performed in concert by the Loch Norman Pipe Band Trio, and accompanied by the Charlotte Symphony Orchestra. The piece is similar to the gospel standard Amazing Grace, as the scales and key are similar. Though I found it peculiar to hear bagpipes performed at a Christmas concert, I was absolutely blown away by the combination of the bagpipesShow MoreRelatedI Attended Wheaton s Christmas Festival830 Words   |  4 PagesFor this extra credit concert review, I attended Wheaton’s Christmas Festival. I was going anyway and thought I would write a review for it to get some kind of credit. There was a lot performed during this concert and it is not possible to discuss everything in detail so I will discuss the overall atmosphere and som e of the specific performances that I particularly enjoyed. The concert started with Claire Holly singing Once in a Royal David’s City composed by Henry J. Gauntlett in 1849 (Hawn andRead MoreThe Mariah Carey Christmas Special 2014898 Words   |  4 PagesThe concert that I have selected for my review is the Mariah Carey Christmas special 2014. The concert took place on December 16 at the beacon theater in New York City and it lasted for approximately an hour. The concert opened with a performance by a ballerina with classical music. Then followed by the entrance of Mariah Carey, who was at the center of the stage. The visual of the concert I have to say personally was amazing and impressive, it had a big Christmas tree in the back and backgroundRead MoreMusic And Music : Carol Of The Bells1699 Words   |  7 PagesThis concert was a series of performances by the Limestone College and Community Chorus, as well as a couple of performances by the Limestone College Vocal Ensem ble. This is a review of the first half of the concert, which featured performances from the Limestone College and Community Chorus. Carol of the Bells (Ukrainian Carol) by Mykolo Leontovich (1877-1921) Carol of the Bells is a Christmas carol with a unique history. The beginning of what would eventually be popularized as a Christmas carolRead MoreNis Newsletter Jan. 7, 2013707 Words   |  3 PagesINTERNATIONAL SCHOOL WEEKLY NEWSLETTER FROM THE HEADMASTER Special thanks to our parents, students, and staff for the many activities enjoyed before Christmas, including the Christmas Concert, EYElementary Christmas Party, and Middle-High School Christmas Party. In addition, our Student Council and Community Service Club organized a Christmas Party for the students of the Sitio-Monicayo School (where our students have been volunteering since November). All of these activities provide opportunitiesRead MoreBest Practice Category 3 : Joint Performance1390 Words   |  6 Pagesother hand, millennials are born in a world of technology. They have various ways to get musical resources, such as from YouTube, Facebook, iTunes, etc. Thus, this group would like to stay at home rather than attend a concert. In order to motivate and convince people to attend a concert, joint performance might be an innovative pattern to cater for and gain more audience. Compared with the regular performances of music series showed by most of the orchestras, joint performance means that the orchestraRead MoreBrian Stokes Mitchell987 Words   |  4 PagesJune 5, 2005 Mitchell appeared in Rodgers and Hammerstein concert version of South Pacific at Carnegie Hall. Mitchell has been nominated for 4 Tonies and won 1. He was nominated for Best Actor in a Musical for Man of La Mancha, Best Actor in a Play for King Hedley II, Best Actor in a Musical for Kiss Me Kate, and Ragtime. He released a solo CD on June 6, 2006. In 2011 Mitchell came back to Broadway after a 7 years absence do to concerts and film appearances. At Encores he has starred in â€Å"Do, ReRead MoreEssay on The Nutcracker: a Concert Review883 Words   |  4 PagesConcert Review: The Richmond Symphony Orchestra featuring The Richmond Ballet Amber Hisaw Regent University – Music 101 On the evening of Sunday, December 16, 2012, I had the pleasure of attending a concert I’d wanted to see for quite a while. I was delighted to attend Tchaikovsky’s The Nutcracker, performed by the Richmond Symphony Orchestra and the Richmond Ballet. The performance took place at Carpenter Theatre in Richmond Virginia. As I entered I felt a bit out of place. I’d never attendedRead MoreThe At The Busse Woods Dam1268 Words   |  6 Pagessurrounding areas and through DuPage County. Some other reports were made about the O’Hare noise problem and successful events the past month including a dare graduation, lighting of the Christmas tree celebration, student visitors at Village Hall from Admiral Bird school, and the announcement of their summer concert series. The main report was given in response to community unrest about a decision the Park District made. The Mayor made a point to explain what a duly elected board is, that it is electedRead MorePersonal Fina nce Smart Goals766 Words   |  4 Pageswhere the money saved weekly is coming from and where it’s going. For a week on average your income is ninety one dollars. This money comes from a job, chores, babysitting, birthday, and Christmas money. Your average spending per week is sixty two dollars. Your money is being spent on gas, lunch, clothes, and concert tickets. The difference between the two is twenty nine dollars left over each week, which is more than enough to save for a new pair of Nike sneakers. Step 3: Create a Plan Step 3 isRead MoreEssay on Justin Biebers Unique Rise to Fame934 Words   |  4 Pageshave disadvantaged the police’s crowd control efforts. Similarly, Scooter Braun was charged with reckless endangerment and criminal nuisance in relation to the event. At the Christmas in Washington event, Justin Bieber performed for the U.S. President, Barack Obama and his wife, Michelle Obama. He sang ‘Someday at Christmas’, by Stevie Wonder. A few weeks following this event, Justin Bieber was one of the guests on Dick Clark’s New Year’s Rockin’ Eve with Ryan Secrest. Bieber was also chosen to

Audit Engagement Planning

Question: Discuss about the Audit Engagement Planning. Answer: 1. The steps that need to be considered before doing an audit is accepting the engagement of audit, planning the audit, performance the audit tests and reporting the findings. The auditor should consider the revenue, net book value, assets, liabilities, expense and other items of the financial statements. The documents should be arranged and evaluated such as previous reports of audit, ledger, receipts and bank statements. In order to plan for the audit, it is important to determine the information the contained in the documents and then planning how the audit should be conducted (Abbott, Parker and Peters, 2010). The auditor can gather information from an open meeting and then finalizing the audit plan. The tests of the auditors should comply with the accounting processes and procedures and internal control will help to evaluate that the procedure is adequate and appropriate. The auditor should consider the details of the findings of audit and the report includes posting issues, pay ments, mathematical errors and other concerns of audit. The auditor should evaluate the audit risks and assessing the performance of the audit. The processes of audit are similar for engagements and consist of four stages: planning, field work, audit report and the follow up review. The key objectives of audit process to minimize time and avoiding the disruption of ongoing activities (Buys, 2014). The revenue of the company shows $30 billion that ought to be comprised by the auditor in their financial statements, net present value of the property, plant and equipment is around $16.5 billion of AUD and other $ 5 billion AUD that would be desired in excess of after that seven years. All the values of items should be considered into the financial reports. The auditors should gather information on the processes, evaluating the existing controls and planning the remaining steps of audit. The auditors should gather the information and data in order to acquire the general review of the ope rations (Catty, 2012). The audit program will help to achieve the objectives of audit. The auditors play an important role in the preparation of the audit reports in the given fiscal year. 2. The inherent risk is the material misstatement risk in the financial statements that arises due to the omission and errors as the result of the factor other than failure of the controls. It is considered to be to be the higher where high degree of estimation and judgment is involved and where the transactions of the organization are complex highly. The control risks are risk of the material misstatement that arises in the financial statements due to the failure or absence of the control of the organization. Therefore, it is important for the organization to have internal controls in order to detect and prevent error or fraud (Chorafas, 2006). The control risks are high where an audit firm does have an adequate internal control in order to detect and prevent errors and fraud in the financial statements. The assessment of the control risk can be higher if a small organization in which the segregation of the duties are not define and financial statements that are prepared by an audit or who do not have adequate knowledge of finance and accounting. The detection risks are the risk that an auditor fails to detect the material misstatements in the financial statements. Therefore, it is important for the auditors to detect and prevent the material misstatements in financial statements of the company due to the error or fraud. The omission or misapplication of audit procedures can result in the material misstatement that remain undetected by auditors. The detection of risk is present sometimes dues to the limitation of audit (Henriques and Richardson, 2004). The detection of risks can be reduced or controlled by the auditors by increasing the sampled number of transactions for the detailed testing. The inherent risks of KGC limited in the PNG are around 80% and detection risk and control risk is around 50% and 10%. Therefore, the audit firm can accept the role of doing the audit of KGC limited in the PNG. The audit risk model can be used by auditors in order to manag e the risk of the audit engagement. The auditors should examine the control and inherent risks in order to reduce the risk of audit (Horngren and Harrison, 2007). The implementation of strategies will help to detect risk and control the risks within the organization. 3. The auditors should prepare the plan after selection of junior and senior staff allocating the tasks to them. The auditor includes all the procedure in the written form, the objectives of each department and the directions that to be given to staffs that helps to control the work and implementing programs into actions (Kessler, 2013). The audit program refers to detailed plan of work that includes the work time and procedure to do the work. The audit program includes the following procedures: The audit program shows the procedures of audit The audit program measures the time to complete the task of audit The staff members prepare the audit program on the basis of the nature of the business The general accepted points are to be included in audit program The audit program helps to control and guide the junior staffs. The points that should be included in the audit program are as follows: Detailed information of the works like cash/bank book, sales book, purchase book etc. The auditors prepares the audit programs considering the nature of the client The list of the assigned work should be prepared by auditor The audit program must fix the period of time in order to complete the tasks The assistant must sign after completion of job The items that are mentioned above are as follows:- The revenues seem to be $30 billion AUD and the other $5 billion AUD for the next seven years for the purpose of the creation of the ore preserves. The NBV cost of the PPE is the $16.5 billion AUD and the other $5 billion AUD is required for the creation of h values for the next seven years. There lay no prospects regarding the supplementary funds of the ores and thus it also helps in the creation of the current license. Thus it also helps in expiring the PNG government in order to expire the mines in the regions for the various eight years (Kortleve, Nijman and Ponds, 2006). The KGC limited consists of the full time employees of about 3,400 full time employees that seem to be very much exciting in nature and thus it also facilitates the PNG citizens to be employed and also can create their residents in the star mountains. The labor participation range is seemed to be 32 % and the unemployment rate is seemed to be 45% and thus the labor participation is not interested in the field of the working in the process of the mining of the ores. The KGC carries out the PNG operations with dealing with the land owners of the area and thus it is able to establish the mining operations which seem to be paid $4 billion for the royal ties and thus the operations can be carried with the proper establishment of the graded schools, hospitals, water processing plants and the health design centers in the mountains (Larrn Jorge, Andrades Pea and Muriel de los Reyes, 2015). 4. The fair market cost of the PPE should be presented in the financial statements. The auditor should estimate the fair value of the assets on the basis of amount received from the sale of the assets in the transaction amid the market participants at amount date. Therefore, to measure the fair value of PPE an auditor should take into account the main characteristics of liability or assets and assuming that the assets is exchanged in the transaction at measurement under the market condition (Lehane, Fabiani and Guttentag, 2012). The auditor should use the valuation techniques and methods in order to measure the fair value of PPE. The main concern is to evaluate the fair market value of the assets. The financial statements should includes the liabilities and assets that to be measured at fair value on non recurring or recurring basis in financial position statement subsequent to the preliminary gratitude, the inputs and the estimation techniques that should be used. 5. The future that can be focused is the environmental aspects that are created for the determination of the aspects for the proper creation of the settings in the star mountains and thus due to the ore mining process, all the sludge with the proper processing and pipe lined to the sea water. Due to this the creation of the pollution takes place and hence, due to this the health issues arise (Ma, Masters and Mancinelli, 2015). The water gets contaminated and environmental groups of Australia have concluded that the sludge is polluting the waters and hence the waters are also getting contaminated. This leads to the several health issues. Thus the future prospects determine the issues and also the company KGC limited ties to mitigate the issues for the future safety creation and the proper development of the safety in the environment. The future prospects also enhances the future safety and the enhancement that helps the company KGC limited to develop and also helps in the creation of the more values in the market. The employment increment also determines the increment of the production processing of the ores for the creation of the increment of the product and thus it also enhances the events and the circumstances that can be enhanced for the future prospects of life line of the company KGC limited (Machado, 2014). The costs are also decided for the remediating of the sludge spills and thus, it also helps in the creation of the safety environment with the proper processing of the operations for KGC limited. 6. The triple bottom line theory can be described as the reporting system that is utilized by Karrick Gold and Copper Limited. This is a business accounting strategy that is implemented in order to promote the information which is to be provided to the stockholders of the company. The triple bottom line is a theory that is dissimilar from the traditional accounting systems. With the triple bottom line theory, the influence of the organization on the surroundings is determined. There are primarily three principles of triple bottom theory (Masters-Stout, Costigan and Lovata, 2008). These are individuals, plant and benefit. This can be explained as the intentional push to financial, ecological and social contemplation in the organizations assessment and fundamental leadership form. This type of reporting assists in building up a standard buy that a firm needs to work to focus on the average effect of their activities in case of both positive and negative sense inside the company (McCamb ridge, 2015). The KGC Ltds triple bottom procession concentrates on the interest of the societal and the ecological contention among the group of companies. At the time of resuming data on KGC Ltd Company influence an issue that is impacting the supportability. There will probabilities of the development of both positive and negative matters. The reporting of triple bottom line is consolidated signifying the fact that the business is continuing in best ways beside the range of requirement is altered. Reporting the specific lines illustrate a drive towards extended and straight forwardness which can be medium by models of shrouded information. Because Karrick Gold and Copper is applying triple bottom line theory that is includes extra reporting, the organization needs to mingle excess data in the reports which are better presented to the partners (McKee, Garner and McKee, 2002). The specific data should necessarily be reassessed repeatedly in the attempt to assure the fact that the e xtra representative needs to have extra binding techniques after taking the end goal into consideration. 7. KGC Ltd is hoping to raise fun of $ 5 billion AUD by issuing share, which help the company to minimizing the risks of investment as the company want to share its obligation among the shareholder of the company and for this the company is agreed to share the profit of the company also among the shareholders (Metrejean and Noland, 2011). In order to raise fund from the investors and shareholders the management of the KGC Ltd specified that the companys PNG operation is the key asset of the company as well as the management described that the operation in PNG is very low risk and the company permanently will do the business operation over there in PNG. Now it can be observed that the operation of PNG is really a low cost profitable operation as there are plenty of human resources available there in much lower remuneration and human resources is the key aspects of the business operation (Milburn, 2008). Moreover, the skilled workforce with lower remuneration provide additional benefit s to the company, which lowering the costing of the operation and improve the profitability of the company thus ensure better return to the investors and shareholders of the company. The PNG operation is the key operation of the company (Raiborn and Watson, 2003). Moreover, from the operation the company earn substantial amount of money and the share of the company is lucrative for the investors and shareholders. However, it is also seen that the political condition of the PNG is not stable which is most essential for doing business operation as the unstable political situation of a country can hamper the busters operation within the country (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). Besides this, it is also observed that the operation al activities of the KGC in PNG is doubtful as there are several environmental and social organization claim that the business organization is performing their business activities in most irresponsible way and raise protest against the company because it is observe d that in a modern fall down of a tailings pool deserted 5 million liters of ore-waste slush into a river from which two neighboring villages draw their consumption water, fish, hunt, harvest lotus root and water their taro root, yam and cassava crops (Smith, 2011). Generally the ore waste of the company use to be flushed into the ocean and for this several environmentalist protest against KGC that the company spoils the environmental balance and doing irresponsible activities in order to perform business activities. All these are goes against the company and the company is in a fuss, moreover, the company states that the PNG is their key asset however, after eight years the contract of extracting ore from the PNG mining will be expired and PNG cannot find any other option and its ore storage is also limited also will end in next seven years thus in this context investing in the share of KGC will not be a wise option and it has several risk thus investors should not invest in the sh are of KGC (Smith, 2011). References Abbott, L., Parker, S. and Peters, G. (2010). Serving Two Masters: The Association between Audit Committee Internal Audit Oversight and Internal Audit Activities.Accounting Horizons, 24(1), pp.1-24. Buys, L. (2014).A triple bottom line planning tool for measuring sustainability. Oxford, UK: Chartridge Books Oxford. Catty, J. (2012).The Professional's Guide to Fair Value. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Chorafas, D. (2006).IFRS, fair value and corporate governance. Oxford: Elsevier. Henriques, A. and Richardson, J. (2004).The triple bottom line, does it all add up?. London: Earthscan. Horngren, C. and Harrison, W. (2007).Accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Kessler, E. (2013).Encyclopedia of management theory. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE. Kortleve, N., Nijman, T. and Ponds, E. (2006).Fair value and pension fund management. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Larrn Jorge, M., Andrades Pea, F. and Muriel de los Reyes, M. (2015). Factors Influencing the Presence of Ethics and CSR Stand-alone Courses in the Accounting Masters Curricula: An International Study.Accounting Education, 24(5), pp.361-382. Lehane, C., Fabiani, M. and Guttentag, W. (2012).Masters of disaster. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Ma, Z., Masters, G. and Mancinelli, N. (2015). Two-dimensional global Rayleigh wave attenuation model by accounting for finite-frequency focusing and defocusing effect.Geophys. J. Int., 204(1), pp.631-649. Machado, M. (2014). Reliability In Fair Value Of Assets Without An Active Market.ASAA, pp.319-338. Masters-Stout, B., Costigan, M. and Lovata, L. (2008). Goodwill impairments and chief executive officer tenure.Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 19(8), pp.1370-1383. McCambridge, J. (2015). Accounting for the masters of deception.Addiction, 110(7), pp.1072-1073. McKee, D., Garner, D. and McKee, Y. (2002).Crisis, recovery, and the role of accounting firms in the Pacific Basin. Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books. Metrejean, E. and Noland, T. (2011). An Analysis of CPA Firm Recruiters Perceptions of Online Masters of Accounting Degrees.Journal of Education for Business, 86(1), pp.25-30. Milburn, J. (2008). The Relationship between Fair Value, Market Value, and Efficient Markets.Accounting Perspectives, 7(4), pp.293-316. Raiborn, C. and Watson, S. (2003).Survey of accounting. Hoboken, N.J.: J. Wiley. Smith, M. (2011).Research methods in accounting. Los Angeles: SAGE. Stittle, J. and Wearing, B. (2008).Financial accounting. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.

Woman, It Is Thy Badge Of Shame! (107). Governor Bellingham Was Descri

"Woman, it is thy badge of shame!" (107). Governor Bellingham was describing the scarlet letter to Hester while they were discussing if the punishments that Hester had to go through were adequate enough for the crime. Hester was living in the outskirts of the city in a small abandoned cottage for several years with the only thing that had any monetary value in her life, her child and the product of committing adultery, Pearl. She and her little Pearl were shunned from the community for her acts. In the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Hester is punished in more than one way, and she is able to deal with it openly so the community will, over time, forgive her. The most obvious subject of punishment that Hester had to cope with is wearing the scarlet letter. "By the point which drew all eyes and, as it were, transfigured the wearer. . . was the scarlet letter, so fantastically embroidered and illuminated upon her bosom" (51-52). Hester wrought the scarlet letter before she stood on the scaffold. When Pearl asks her why she wears the letter she replies that she wears it for its gold thread. Hester wears the letter for many years, even after the people in the community care anymore, so that she will be fully forgiven for her sin. In the beginning of the story, Hester is faced with serving the temporary part of her sentence, standing on the scaffold in front of the whole town. "It was a circumstance to be noted, on the summer morning when our story begins its course, that the women of whom there were several in the crowd, appeared to take a peculiar interest in whatever penal infliction might be expected to ensue" (48). The citizens of the town had gathered to criticize Hester as she stood on the scaffold, and many of the town's women were discussing the simplicity of Hester's sentence, since the usual punishment for committing adultery is the death penalty. Although she had to put up with the remarks about her for three hours while she was standing on the scaffold, the ridicule followed for many years to come. Hester and her daughter were thought upon as sinners long after Hester had served her sentence. Hester was not accepted by the community because of her sins. She was forced to live in an abandoned cottage on the edge of the city. "Hester Prynne, therefore, did not flee. On the outskirts of town, within the verge of the peninsula, but not in close vicinity to any other habitation, there was a small thatched cottage. It had been built by an earlier settler, and abandoned because the soil about it was too sterile for cultivation. . ." (77-78). Hester and her little Pearl not only lived in the little cottage, they spent most of their time there, only going into town for important things like food and supplies. The community basically shunned Hester and Pearl from the town and made it clear to them that they were not wanted inside the city. Hester went through a lot of punishment for her sins. She was able to deal with it openly, like wearing the scarlet letter and standing on the scaffold, and some she dealt with without showing any remorse. She was brave to live on the edge of the city and not to flee to another city or even another country. She also kept things inside, like the father of her child and her husband that seemingly deserted her. Overall, she is a brave soul and in some ways, is a role model to the rest of the people in the community.

Biofilms essays

Biofilms essays What is a Biofilm?You may not be familiar with the term "biofilm" but you have certainly encountered biofilm on a regular basis. The plaque that forms on your teeth and causes tooth decay is a type of bacterial biofilm. The "gunk" that clogs your drains is also biofilm. If you have ever walked in a stream or river, you may have slipped on the biofilm-coated rocks. Biofilms are defined as 3-dimensional highly structured architecture of microcolony formed by populations of micro-organisms (prokaryotic and eukaryotic unicellular organisms) that are attached to an environmental surface. I would like to make a note however: experts who deal with Biofilms sometimes consider these formations as a double-edged sword. There are many profitable applications of these unique structures; although they are responsible for a range of disastrous effects on the environment, human health and various industries. As the same corrosive effects of biofilms, are used in advantageous applications of various industries. These various applications will be discussed later on throughout our presentation. You will be surprised to know that the majority of microorganisms in nature aggregate into Biofilms. Which strengthens the community as a whole and improves the rate of survival for each individual microorganism. In order for biofilms to form, there are minimal conditions to be met. The most important of which is water, moisture is essential for Biofilms. Aggregations of microorganisms can only come together in a watery environment. This increases their diffusion gradient, and absorbance of nutrients. There are other requirements such as light, depending on the organism. These conditions if met encourage the growth of a variety of bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes. These microbial communities usually encase themselves in an extracellular polysaccharide substance or EPS in which they themselves synthesise. The integration of variou...

Nursing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Nursing - Research Paper Example Insanity, craziness or madness is a pattern of behaviors which makes people a danger to themselves and others. â€Å"Dorothea Dix played an instrumental role in the founding or expansion of more than 30 hospitals for the treatment of the mentally ill† (I Tell What I Have Seen—The Reports of Asylum Reformer Dorothea Dix, p.624). This paper briefly analyses the history of Dorothea Lynde Dix and her contributions to the society as a social reformer and a dedicated nurse. Dorothea Linde Dix was born on April 4, 1802 in Hampden, Maine. Today the land where Dix’s house stood is called the Dorothea Dix Park (Colman, p.12). When Dorothea was born, Thomas Jefferson was American president and only 16 states were there in America. Maine was not a state at that time. She was grown up first in Worcester, Massachusetts, and then went to Boston at the age of twelve, in order to stay with wealthy grandmother. The major purpose of her journey towards Boston was to escape from her alcoholic and abusive father. Joseph Dix was her father and Mary Bigelow was her mother. The Dix family had two other children also, born after Dorothea. Dorothea’s social activities started at the age of 19. ... She published a small book of facts for schoolteachers during this period which became extremely popular. â€Å"By the time of the Civil War, Conversations on Common Things; or, Guide to Knowledge: With Questions had been reprinted 60 times† (I Tell What I Have Seen—The Reports of Asylum Reformer Dorothea Dix, p.624). This book was written as a conversation between a mother and daughter and she tried to criticize the discrimination in giving education to men and women. Dix failed to get proper education because of the social discrimination existed during her period with respect to the education of the men and women. Only the male community got better education during her period. She has restarted her educational activities in 1831 and opened another model school for the girls. However, she could not continue her activities because of the failure of her health again. She suffered a mental illness during this period and her ill health ended her teaching career which motiv ated her to look for other options of social activities. She went to England in 1836 for better treatment and this journey has shaped her career as a dedicated social reformer. â€Å"Dorothea’s growth and development from a teacher of young ladies to the Samaritan of the mentally afflicted is a fascinating story†(Dorothea Dix, Forgotten Samaritan, p.1441). In England, she got company of a family (William Rathbone family) which engaged in political and social reformation process. Moreover, â€Å"she met prison reformer Elizabeth Fry, and Samuel Tuke, founder of the York Retreat for the mentally ill during this period. (I Tell What I Have Seen—The Reports of Asylum Reformer Dorothea Dix, p.624). Her grandmother’s death

Behavior, Needs, and Motivations in a Hotel Environment Essay

Behavior, Needs, and Motivations in a Hotel Environment - Essay Example One of the recent trends in travel is in offering ‘green’ accommodations in which the lowest impact possible on the environment is applied to the experience. The following report has identified this potential trend and explores the ways in which the Radisson Edwardian Hotel in Manchester has met the needs of those interested in the topic of ’green’ travel and what ways in which it can further exploit this trend. 2. Process of Market Research in the Hospitality Industry Marketing research in the hospitality industry can be conducted through a five step process: define the problem and research objectives; develop the research plan; collect the information; analyze the information; and present the findings (Sudhir 2009, p. 41). Because the topic of this report is on sustainable and ‘green’ industry trends, the concept of responsible marketing will be taken into consideration as it is addressed by Sloan, Chen and Legrand (2006, p. 92) who state tha t there has been a shift away from the traditional methods of research towards a belief in the way in which marketing is produced should take a stakeholder point of view. The nature of the research should be to follow a concept from inception to application in order to assure it has produced an ethically viable result. Andrews (2009, p. 41) states that there are three criteria that should be examined in order to justify creating a marketing research program. The research should be focused on one or a combination of concepts that either define an exploratory topic that sheds light on an issue, a descriptive result which will shed light on a phenomenon, or a casual inquiry that explores a ’hunch’ that might be a benefit in the industry. The research that is used for researching the impact of ’green’ practices on the satisfaction of a guest at a hotel is through a descriptive model in order to describe the phenomenon of the trend and its impact on travel sta ys at a hotel. 3. Secondary Research Jenner and Smith (2008, p. 5) define green travel, in what is termed as a simple form, through stating that it involves traveling in such a manner as to do the least amount of harm to the environment. Travel, by its nature of using energy to get from one place to another, most often has a high impact on the environment. The idea is to minimize that impact as much as possible. According to Ching (2010), one of the best ways to create a green travel plan is to participate in a eco-friendly experience, engaging the out of doors with environmentally sustaining practices. However, it is not always possible to plan a vacation or business trip with camping as the mode of accommodations. The hotel industry has engaged the concept of green practices in order to present themselves as being environmentally friendly. As exampled in Table 1, which is table 6.4 from Yudelson (2008, p. 117), there are a series of ways in which green practices will benefit a hot el from a business point of view. As an example, in the United States, the Hilton Hotel in Vancouver, Washington received certification at the silver level for a modest investment in each room which provided ten times that in publicity returns (Yudelson 2008, p. 117). Seemingly small activities can provide a large benefit towards both green accreditation and towards

Effects of Alcoholic Drinks to College Students Essay Example for Free

Effects of Alcoholic Drinks to College Students Essay Although alcohol may give you a feeling of elation and aroused senses due to a lessening of inhibitions during the early stages of alcohol intoxication, alcohol is a depressant. It depresses the central nervous system—leading to slowed reactions, slurred speech, and ultimately, to unconsciousness. Alcohol progressively affects different brain areas. Alcohol first affects the part of the brain that controls inhibitions. When people lose their inhibitions, they may talk more, get rowdy, and do foolish things. After several drinks, they may feel â€Å"high,† but really, their nervous system is slowing down. Alcohol acts fast because it is not digested like food. Instead, it moves directly into the bloodstream from the stomach and small intestine. It takes a long time for alcohol’s effects to wear off—as it takes approximately one hour for the liver to process the alcohol in one drink. ALCOHOL’S DAMAGING EFFECTS ON THE BRAIN Difficulty walking, blurred vision, slurred speech, slowed reaction times, impaired memory: Clearly, alcohol affects the brain. Some of these impairments are detectable after only one or two drinks and quickly resolve when drinking stops. On the other hand, a person who drinks heavily over a long period of time may have brain deficits that persist well after he or she achieves sobriety. Exactly how alcohol affects the brain and the likelihood of reversing the impact of heavy drinking on the brain remain hot topics in alcohol research today. We do know that heavy drinking may have extensive and far–reaching effects on the brain, ranging from simple â€Å"slips† in memory to permanent and debilitating conditions that require lifetime custodial care. And even moderate drinking leads to short–term impairment, as shown by extensive research on the impact of drinking on driving. A number of factors influence how and to what extent alcohol affects the brain (1), including * how much and how often a person drinks; * the age at which he or she first began drinking, and how long he or she has been drinking; * the person’s age, level of education, gender, genetic background, and family history of alcoholism; * whether he or she is at risk as a result of prenatal alcohol exposure; and * his or her general health status. BLACKOUTS AND MEMORY LAPSES Alcohol can produce detectable impairments in memory after only a few drinks and, as the amount of alcohol increases, so does the degree of impairment. Large quantities of alcohol, especially when consumed quickly and on an empty stomach, can produce a blackout, or an interval of time for which the intoxicated person cannot recall key details of events, or even entire events. Blackouts are much more common among social drinkers than previously assumed and should be viewed as a potential consequence of acute intoxication regardless of age or whether the drinker is clinically dependent on alcohol (2). White and colleagues (3) surveyed 772 college undergraduates about their experiences with blackouts and asked, â€Å"Have you ever awoken after a night of drinking not able to remember things that you did or places that you went? † Of the students who had ever consumed alcohol, 51 percent reported blacking out at some point in their lives, and 40 percent reported experiencing a blackout in the year before the survey. Of those who reported drinking in the 2 weeks before the survey, 9. 4 percent said they blacked out during that time. The students reported learning later that they had participated in a wide range of potentially dangerous events they could not remember, including vandalism, unprotected sex, and driving. Binge Drinking and Blackouts| †¢ Drinkers who experience blackouts typically drink too much and too quickly, which causes their blood alcohol levels to rise very rapidly. College students may be at particular risk for experiencing a blackout, as an alarming number of college students engage in binge drinking. Binge drinking, for a typical adult, is defined as consuming five or more drinks in about 2 hours for men, or four or more drinks for women. | ARE WOMEN MORE VULNERABLE TO ALCOHOL’S EFFECTS ON THE BRAIN? Women are more vulnerable than men to many of the medical consequences of alcohol use. For example, alcoholic women develop cirrhosis (5), alcohol–induced damage of the heart muscle (i. e. , cardiomyopathy) (6), and nerve damage (i. e. , peripheral neuropathy) (7) after fewer years of heavy drinking than do alcoholic men. Studies comparing men and women’s sensitivity to alcohol–induced brain damage, however, have not been as conclusive. Using imaging with computerized tomography, two studies (8,9) compared brain shrinkage, a common indicator of brain damage, in alcoholic men and women and reported that male and female alcoholics both showed significantly greater brain shrinkage than control subjects. Studies also showed that both men and women have similar learning and memory problems as a result of heavy drinking (10). The difference is that alcoholic women reported that they had been drinking excessively for only about half as long as the alcoholic men in these studies. This indicates that women’s brains, like their other organs, are more vulnerable to alcohol–induced damage than men’s (11). SUMMARY Alcoholics are not all alike. They experience different degrees of impairment, and the disease has different origins for different people. Consequently, researchers have not found conclusive evidence that any one variable is solely responsible for the brain deficits found in alcoholics. Characterizing what makes some alcoholics vulnerable to brain damage whereas others are not remains the subject of active research (34). The good news is that most alcoholics with cognitive impairment show at least some improvement in brain structure and functioning within a year of abstinence, though some people take much longer (35–37). Clinicians must consider a variety of treatment methods to help people stop drinking and to recover from alcohol–related brain impairments, and tailor these treatments to the individual patient. Advanced technology will have an important role in developing these therapies. Clinicians can use brain–imaging techniques to monitor the course and success of treatment, because imaging can reveal structural, functional, and biochemical changes in living patients over time. Promising new medications also are in the early stages of development, as researchers strive to design therapies that can help prevent alcohol’s harmful effects and promote the growth of new brain cells to take the place of those that have been damaged by alcohol.  ¦ As well as damaging their health, university students who drink too much alcohol may also be damaging their academic performance. Alcohol: The Benefits of Moderate Drinking Drinking alcohol in moderate amounts can have positive influences on physical and mental health. While alcohol is one of the most widely abused substances on the market, it is also one that features certain benefits for drinkers who consume it in safe amounts. For individuals who consume low levels of alcohol, benefits like reduced stress, increased cardiovascular health and decreased risk of developing type 2 diabetes offer a wealth of reasons for consumers to drink in moderation. Reduce Stress, Anxiety and Tension. Research shows that the consumption of alcohol in moderate amounts can lead to certain psychological benefits. Low levels of alcohol can trigger stress reduction, easy feelings of anxiety and help consumers to reduce tension. In addition, low levels of alcohol consumption can also cause the consumer to feel more pleasant and relaxed. Studies on sleep show that people who drink in moderation get more sleep on average than do those who indulge in excess. These psychological effects of moderate drinking are positive ones that can be beneficial to the consumer. A Longer Life The positive psychological effects of drinking in moderation can be associated with the studies that show moderate drinkers tend to love longer than people who dont drink at all or those who drink in excess. Studies from a number of different countries including China, the United States and England indicate that longevity is highest among groups of people who drink alcohol in moderation. Increased Cardiovascular Health Several studies have shown that drinking alcohol in moderation has a positive correlation with certain aspects of cardiovascular health. In particular, the risk of developing coronary artery disease is significantly lowered in conjunction with moderate consumption of alcohol. Another link between alcohol and cardiovascular health shows that moderate consumption of alcohol has a positive correlation with survivability in the event of a heart attack. Those who drink low levels of alcohol are more likely to live and less likely to experience another heart attack. Alcohol produces several positive effects on the body when consumed in low levels. For example, it increases levels of good cholesterol (HDL) and lowers levels of bad cholesterol (LDL). Alcohol also acts as a blood thinner once it enters the human body, much like common aspirin does. Thus, when consumed in moderation, it can reduce the likelihood of developing blood clots in arteries. Decreased Risk for Type 2 Diabetes While consuming alcohol in large quantities has been proven to put drinkers at a higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes, some studies show that drinking in moderation might have the opposite effect. The relationship between alcohol and type 2 diabetes is the focus of a great number of ongoing studies. Findings show, however, that moderate drinkers are less likely to develop type 2 diabetes than heavy drinkers. All of these health benefits associated with moderate drinking serve as an incentive for consumers to limit their levels of alcohol intake. Too much alcohol eliminates the health benefits described above. The best way to maximize on the health benefits of alcohol is to consume it in low levels. Negative Effects of Drinking Alcohol on Physical Fitness While occasional alcohol use may not have a major impact on physical activity, there is a clear link between sports, exercise and drinking alcohol. In fact, alcohol is the most widely used drug by athletes which is why alcohol related difficulties seem to be more common among those who exercise regularly. It is clear that drinking in excess can negatively influence exercise. Studies done to determine the influence that alcohol has on exercise Studies have shown that consuming alcohol has the following influence on exercise: *Diminishes the use of amino acids and glucose by the muscles of the skeleton *A detrimental influence on the supply of energy *An impairment in metabolism while exercising In addition, persuasive evidence implies that continual use of alcohol is connected with unfavorable effects on systems of the body and organs, including the liver, brain, heart and blood vessels. Exercising while under the influence of alcohol Drinking alcohol has a negative influence on motor skills, stamina and aerobic ability. Alcohol has the following effects on motor skills: *Delayed reaction time *A decrease in hand-eye coordination *Less precision and balance Alcohol has the following effects on strength training and short term athletic functioning: *A decline in athletic performance as a whole. *Decreased times in cycling and running *Weakened pumping power of the heart *Impaired temperature control while exercising *Weakening of grip strength *Decreased jump altitude *Lower 200 and 400-meter running performance *Becoming tired more quickly while participating in high-intensity workouts Alcohol has the following effects on aerobic performance: *Dehydration *Considerably diminished aerobic performance *Hindered 800 and 1500-meter running speeds *An increase in health risks after working out in hot atmospheres for an extended amount of time Working out with a hangover. A hangover is caused by a number of factors including, dehydration and toxicity from the alcohol. The symptoms include a gloomy mood and headache. Unfortunately, these side effects can cause a decline in athletic performance. Working out with a hangover has been shown to considerably decrease aerobic adequacy by as great as 11 percent. Long term effects that alcohol has on exercise performance Long term, heavy (more than two drinks each day) alcohol use can impair exercise in the following ways: *Hindering the cardiovascular reaction to exercise *Cause nutritional deficits from changes in nutrient consumption, digestion and metabolism. *Cause muscle injury, wasting and feebleness in several muscles, including the heart. *Changing the bodys hormonal atmosphere It is also important to note that women might be more susceptible to the toxic results of alcohol on the heart. It is clear that drinking in excess can negatively influence exercise. Alcoholism is a growing problem in the United States and is even a problem in teenagers, too. Unfortunately, there are a variety of negative effects that are associated with the consumption of alcohol. While the negative effects can either be long term or short term, all of them start with the first drink of alcohol. Negative effects may not become apparent immediately, but as time goes on, the adverse effects of alcohol will become more and more noticeable and, in some cases, they can even lead to death. Diseases One of the negative effects that alcohol tends to have is the increased risk for multiple serious diseases. Increased consumption of alcohol can lead to serious medical problems such as cirrhosis of the liver, which often results in death. Infections, sleeping disorders and sexual dysfunctions can also be caused by consumption of alcohol. Recent studies have also shown that consumption of alcohol can actually raise the risk of certain cancers, including breast cancer, throat cancer and intestinal cancer. Consuming alcohol can be very serious and there are many grave negative effects that are caused by alcohol. Avoiding alcohol can help you avoid these adverse effects and perhaps even save your life.

How to Write a Synthesis Essay :: Synthesis Essays, Process Essays

A synthesis is the combination of the ideas from more than one source with your own ideas. Note that the term â€Å"idea† does not constitute an opinion. What does a successful synthesis include? ACCURACY: an accurate report of information from the sources using different phrases and sentences not found in the original text. ORGANIZATION: readers should be able to see immediately where the information from the sources overlap. INTERPRETATION: a synthesis makes sense of the sources and helps the reader understand them in greater depth. How to get started: Summarizing the main points/themes/traits of the sources you are comparing will help you organize your thoughts. You will need to decide which elements of the texts being compared are most relevant. You also need to think about your audience: what points will give your reader the best overall picture of the texts? What will be most interesting for the audience to read? Standard format: Introduction A one-sentence statement that sums up the focus of your synthesis (i.e. your thesis statement) An introduction of the titles and authors of your sources (following specific citation guidelines) Relevant background information about the authors, texts, OR the general topic from which the texts are drawn Body Each paragraph must: begin with a topic sentence include information from more than one source clearly indicate where the material comes from using lead-in phrases and in-text citations†¦BEWARE OF PLAGIARISM show similarities/differences between or among the different sources Last but NOT least: represent the texts fairly. Your job is to present what the source says, in fewer words and your own words. Using your own words does not mean that you are in any way changing what the source says.

Portfolio Management and Its Influences on Project Management Essay

In a project based organization, project management is directly controlled by strategic portfolio managers and a portfolio management department. This type of organization focuses on project development, progress and successful completion in relation to the strategic goals determined by top management. Multiple project proposals are constantly evaluated in terms of value, alignment to corporate strategies, and availability of resources to complete a project. In order for a project to proceed, portfolio managers must decide if a project is worthwhile and if it contributes to the goals of corporate strategies, and make the more difficult decision of which projects are more valuable to the organization in terms of achieving strategic goals (H. Kerzner, 2009). A large part of this process involves balancing short term projects with long term projects, assessing risk factors, and resource allocation. If a project is approved, then a project manager is assigned to oversee the project. The project manager has little influence on the resources and financing assigned to the project; that is determined by the portfolio manager and sponsor. The project manager is given a finite level of resources for a project and is expected to complete the project utilizing the allotted resources in an efficient manner. The portfolio manager assigns a project and the resources for the project to a project manager, and it is the responsibility of the project manager to complete the project without incurring the need to use added resources or financing. The project manager also is responsible for ongoing status reports of the progress to the portfolio manager and along with details regarding the efficient use of resources. If a project changes in scope or value, the portfolio manager has the authority to update resource availability to the project manager to fulfill the new requirements. Reference Kerzner, H. (2009). Project Management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling (10th edition). John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ.

Assesing the jobs of a STOCK BROKER - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2890 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Definition: Stock Broker means a stock-broker who has either made an application for registration or is registered as a stockÂÂ ­broker in accordance with the rules and regulations made under the Securities and Exchange Board of Indian Act, 1992 (15 of 1992). (Date of Introduction: 01.07.1994. Notification No.1/94-ST dt. 20.06.1994. ) (Section 65(69) of Finance Act, 1994 as amended) The service provided by the stock broker becomes liable to pay Service Tax subject to the conditions that the ÂÂ ­ Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Assesing the jobs of a STOCK BROKER" essay for you Create order (a) Stock Broker should be registered as per SEBI Act, 1972. (b) Stock should be listed in the Stock Exchange. (b)The Stock Exchange must be recognized Stock Exchange as per Securities Contract (Regulation) Act, 1956. (c) The Sale/Purchase should be on behalf of an investor. (i) shares, scrips, stocks, bonds, debentures, debenture stock, or other marketable securities of a like nature in or of any incorporated company or body corporate; (ia) derivative; (ib) units or any other instrument issued by any collective investment scheme to the investors in such schemes; (ii) Government securities; iia) such other instruments as may be declared by the Central Government to be securities; and (iii) rights or interests in securities. Own trading: In case, a broker enters into a transaction on his own account, with an investor who is a non-member on the stock exchange, the service provided will be taxable service, and subject to Service Tax. ÂÂ   Arbitrage: In the case of arbitrage transaction i.e. the transaction between two brokers of different stock exchanges, the service is provided by a broker i.e. the member of a stock exchange even though the investor may be a member of another stock exchange, there being an investor involved in the transaction, the service so provided to the investor will be a taxable service and subject to Service Tax. (Ministrys F.No.148/1/94 CX-4 (Pt. I) dt. 31.12.1996) Sub-broker means a sub-broker who has either made an application for registration or is registered as a sub broker in accordance with the rules and regulations made under the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992. Source (Role of a Stock Broker Published on March 2, 2010 by Megha Batra in Investing Comments Any investor who wants to invest in stocks needs a stock broker. As you cannot make direct investments in stock market, it becomes essential to contact a stock broker, as he is the one who is directly related to stock exchange. The basic job of a stock broker is to facilitate your transactions and guide you in trading with shares and commodities. He is a professional expert who assists you to understand and plan according to the ups and downs in the risky stock market. A stock broker allows you to buy and sell stocks and commodities anywhere in the world. In case you are a beginner, it would be really tough for you to understand the world of stocks. In such situation, you require a stock broker. He will help you to make right decisions at the right time, thus managing your invested capital properly. Literally, the term stock broker refers to a person who makes your transactions in stocks and earns his commission on every transaction made by him in the stock market. He is approved and regulated by federal government of the country (depending on the market he works in). Published on March 2, 2010 by Megha Batra in Investing Comments (1)|1 Liked It What does a stock broker do in your stock investments? Any investor who wants to invest in stocks needs a stock broker. As you cannot make direct investments in stock market, it becomes essential to contact a stock broker, as he is the one who is directly related to stock exchange. The basic job of a stock broker is to facilitate your transactions and guide you in trading with shares and commodities. He is a professional expert who assists you to understand and plan according to the ups and downs in the risky stock market. A stock broker allows you to buy and sell stocks and commodities anywhere in the world. In case you are a beginner, it would be really tough for you to understand the world of stocks. In such situation, you require a stock broker. He will help you to make right decisions at the right time, thus managing your invested capital properly. Literally, the term stock broker refers to a person who makes your transactions in stocks and earns his commission on every transaction made by him in the stock market. He is approved and regulated by federal government of the country (depending on the market he works in). Read more in Investing ÂÂ « Michigan ForeclosuresHow to Trade Forex Using Pivot Point as a Trading System ÂÂ »Some of the main reasons for hiring a stockbroker are discussed hereunder: a) A stock broker helps as a guide who recommends you about a particular deal to invest in. Many times he analyzes the market trend and suggests your desired actions accordingly. As he has a lot of knowledge and experience, he is the best person for your capital investment and aims at providing maximum returns on your investment. For beginners, he acts as a nook of complete knowledge about the stock market and its trends. b) A stock broker is well aware about the upcoming risks and ways to avoid them. He also calculates the possibility to earn profit by investing in a particular stock or commodity. His aim is to minimize risk and maximize profit. c) A stock broker also performs the job of a manager who manages your portfolio so as to let you understand your financial status. His job covers initial investment, profits and losses and the record of stock trade. This is extremely essential as this is the only way to calculate your profits and losses. Thus, a stock broker tells you whether you are successful or not in the market, i.e., whether you stand in the market. d) A stock broker assists you in trading anywhere in the whole world. He knows the overseas market trends and can direct you to invest in stocks abroad so as to earn good profits in future. e) A stockbroker also makes investments on your behalf. All you need is to bank upon him ad leave the rest on him. This is automated investment in which a stock broker deals with your capital investments on your behalf so as to assure positive returns. f) With the help of online stock brokers, you can contact them easily and most quickly. With the online facility, you can have access to your broker 24/7/365. Read more: https://bizcovering.com/investing/role-of-a-stock-broker/#ixzz12PWK9BRC A stockbroker is a professional who buys and sells shares and other listed securities through the book at those responsible for equity investors. As the law passed in the United States has the general representation of securities examination or the Series 7 exam for working as a stockbroker. Brokers providing various services to their customers. Execution only this service, only the broker market in the direction of investors. This is the basic and most frequent use of mediators. Advisory In this service the broker not only buy and sell clients instructions recommend, but to buy the investor in the stock market and sell the shares. Discretionary use This is the most complete service, a broker provides. In this case, the brokers discretion for investment decisions of the investor must take. These are the basic services provided by stock brokers are available and completely dependent on what services you are writing to you. For example, if you have a simple analysis of the cattle market can and regularly on events and stock market shares in which you invest, you should observe the brokers have no buying and selling done by one instruction. It will save not only the costs of service, but also to give full confidence in the stock market. If youre relatively new equity investments, or if they have sufficient knowledge of equities analysis, or do not have the time or resources to do thorough research on the stock market, the board is more effective for you. It will bring not only your sales management but also with effective tips and guidance for the market equity investments. Although it is a bit more expensive, but can significantly gain from the technical knowledge and experience of brokers and its research and analysis team. The full-service broker is the preferred solution for those who do not have the time or knowledge of their portfolio. In this case, the broker makes all the decisions to invest in the stock market. This is the most expensive Broking Service, but then you do not need to waste time on your stock market investments. Exactly how different kinds Service Broker There are several categories of securities intermediaries as well. While choosing your broker, it is advisable to ensure the well-known companies such as trading stocks That You earn ITS solid infrastructure, analysis and experience to select the stock market. This also applies when choosing your business online trading, online trading is the implementation in your name. https://b-broker.blogspot.com/2010/08/what-is-role-of-stock-broker.html ÂÂ © Copy Right: Rai University 11.671.3 281 Role of an Indian Stock Broker ÂÂ · In India, stock exchanges were almost self regulatory till 1988, supervised by Ministry of Finance under the Securities Contracts Regulation Act (SCRA). However, the stock exchanges were not discharging their self-regulatory role as well as a result of which malpractices crept into trading, adversely affecting investors interests. SEBI has been setup to ensure that the stock exchanges discharge their self-regulatory role properly. Ever since SEBI began to monitor brokers, stock broking is emerging as a professional advisory service, in tune with the requirements of a mature, sophisticated, screen based, ring-less, automated stock exchanges in the country in sharp contrast to traditional, closed character as inherited family business. So we will discuss, the Indian Stock Broking system here. The stock broking activity consists of various intermediaries. Let us discuss them one by one. Stock Brokers Stockbroker is a member of a recognized stock exchange who buys, sells or deals in securities. To work as a stockbroker registration with SEBI is mandatory. SEBI is empowered to impose conditions while granting the certificate of registration. Registration : A broker seeking registration with SEBI, has to apply through the stock exchange of which he is member. For registering SEBI checks eligibility of the applicant to become the member of stock exchange, has the necessary infrastructure to effectively discharge his duties, past experience etc. Every registered stockbroker is required to pay annual fee @ Rs. 5,000 for turn over up to Rs. 1 crore and 0.01% of turnover exceeding Rs. 1 crore. For calculating turnover underwriting and collection of deposits are not taken into account for the purpose of calculating the turnover. The authenticity of the annual turnover is to be certified by the stock exchange concerned. Capital adequacy norms for brokers : An absolute minimum of Rs. 5 lakh as a deposit with the exchange is to be maintained by the members of the BSE CSE and Rs. 3.5 lakh for DSE and ASE irrespective of volume of business. In case of other SE the minimum requirement is Rs. 2 lakhs. The security deposit kept by the members in the SE forms part of the base minimum capital; 25% of the base minimum capital is to be maintained in case with the exchange. Another 25% remains in the form of a long term fixed deposit with a bank on which the SE is given free lien. The remaining requirement is being maintained in the form of securities with a 30% margin. The securities should be in the name of the member and are pledged in favor of SE. Additional capital related to Volume of Business : The additional or optional capital required from a member should, at any point of time, be such that together with the base minimum capital it is not less than 8% of the gross outstanding business in the exchange defined as the aggregate of up-to-date sales and purchases by a member broker in all the securities put together. Duty to the Investor : The duties of a broker to the investor are i. He should be faithful to the clients in his dealings with them and execute orders as per the instructions. ii. He should issue to his clients a contract note without any delay for all transactions in the form specified by the SE. iii. To avoid breach of trust, he should not disclose or discuss with any other person details of investment and transaction of clients. iv. He should not mislead clients merely to generate business. v. He should avoid dealing with a client who is a defaulter in his dealings with other brokers. vi. When dealing with a client, he is required to disclose whether he is acting as a principal or as an agent. vii. He should not give investment advice to any client unless sought by him. viii. A stockbroker should have adequately trained staff and arrangements to render fair, prompt and competent services to his clients. ix. He should extend full cooperation to other brokers in protecting the interest of his clients regarding their rights to dividends, bonus shares, rights issues and any other rights related to such securities. Sub Brokers A sub-broker acts on behalf of a stockbroker as an agent or otherwise for assisting investors in buying, selling or dealing in securities through such brokers but he is not a member of a stock exchange. To act as a sub-broker, registration with SEBI is required. It grants a certificate of registration to a sub-broker subject to the conditions that (a) he has to pay the prescribed fee, (b) he takes adequate steps for redressal of investor grievances within one month of the receipt of the complaint and keeps SEBI informed about the number, nature and other particulars of the complaints (c) he is authorized in writing by a broker for affiliation in buying, selling or dealing in securities. Registration of Sub-brokers : According to SEBI regulations currently in force, a sub-broker is required to submit along with the application (a) recommendation from a stockbroker with whom he will be affiliated and (b) two references, including one from his banker. The individual applicant should not be less than 21 years of age, has not been convicted in any offence involving fraud or dishonesty and has passed the equivalent of at least 12th standard from a recognized institution. The annual fee payable by a sub-broker is Rs. 1000 for an initial period of five years. After the expiry of five years, an annual fee of Rs. 500 is payable as long as the certificate remains in force. Duty to the investors : A sub-broker, in his dealings with the clients and the general investing public, should faithfully execute the orders for buying and selling of securities at the best available market price and promptly inform his clients about the execution of an order and make payment in respect of securities sold and arrange for prompt delivery of securities purchased. He should issue promptly to his clients (a) purchase or sale notes for all the transactions entered into by him with his clients, or through the principal broker (b) scrip-wise details. He should not furnish misleading information to his clients to generate business. He should not recommend his clients any scrip / security unless the client has asked for the advice. Foreign Brokers Foreign institutional investors (FIIs) now play a significant role in the stock markets. With a view to helping the FIIs to follow the procedures and encourage them to invest in India, SEBI has issued a different set of guidelines: Registration with SEBI : It is mandatory for a foreign broker to get registered with SEBI in order to do business in India. While applying for registration, a foreign broker has to disclose to SEBI name(s) and registration number(s) of the stock exchanges where he is registered in the capacity of a broker dealer together with an undertaking that he would operate and assist only on behalf of the registered FIIs and would not deal in securities on his own account as principal in India. On advice from SEBI, the RBI would accord approval to him to open (a) a foreign currency denominated bank account and a rupee account with a designated bank branch and (b) multiple custodian accounts with the approved custodian of all registered FIIs whom he may be assisting or on whose behalf he would be placing orders with a member of Indian stock exchanges. Transaction in Accounts : The foreign currency denominated accounts of registered foreign brokers would be credited with inward remittance brought in by him and inward remittance to make initial payment against the purchase contracts on behalf of registered FIIs. The rupee account will be credited with the commissions / brokerages earned by him in India. Initial payment on account of purchase contract on behalf of registered FIIs would be made through Rupee account. Reimbursement of this initial payment would be made by the designated bank/custodian of the registered FII. The brokers are allowed to freely repatriate commission/ brokerage earned in India after transferring them to the foreign currency denominated account subject to payment of taxes on the basis of conversion of rupees to foreign currency at the prevailing market rates. Source : MANAGEMENT OF FINANCIAL SERVICES LESSON 38: STOCK BROKING: AN INTRODUCTION AND SEBI GUIDELINES